Milfoil
Achillea millefolium, commonly known as Common Yarrow, is a versatile and hardy perennial plant that adds charm and color to various garden settings. Its feathery leaves and flat-topped flower clusters make it a favorite among gardeners and pollinators alike.
Plant Care
Sunlight
Common Yarrow thrives in full sun, but it can also tolerate light shade. To encourage abundant flowering, provide it with at least 6 hours of direct sunlight each day.
Soil
This plant is adaptable to a range of soil types, but it prefers well-draining, sandy or loamy soil. Avoid heavy clay soils that can retain excess moisture.
Watering
Once established, Common Yarrow has low to moderate water requirements. Water deeply and infrequently, allowing the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings. Be cautious not to overwater, as the plant is drought-tolerant.
Fertilization
Common Yarrow doesn’t require heavy fertilization. In fact, excessive fertilization can lead to leggy growth and fewer flowers. A balanced, slow-release fertilizer applied in spring is generally sufficient.
Pruning
Deadheading spent flowers can prolong the blooming period and keep the plant looking neat. Cut back the entire plant to the basal foliage in late fall or early spring to encourage fresh growth.
Propagation
Common Yarrow can be propagated through division, cuttings, or seeds. Division is best done in spring or fall, separating the clumps and replanting them. Cuttings can be taken from new growth in spring or summer, and seeds can be sown in early spring.
Landscaping Use
Common Yarrow is versatile in landscaping. It can be used in mixed borders, cottage gardens, and pollinator-friendly spaces. Its flowers attract butterflies, bees, and other beneficial insects.
Wildlife Attraction
The nectar-rich flowers of Common Yarrow are a favorite among pollinators. It also provides a habitat for beneficial insects and small animals.
Medicinal and Cultural Uses
Common Yarrow has a history of medicinal use for various ailments. It’s also used in traditional cultural practices.
Companion Plants
Pair Common Yarrow with other sun-loving perennials like lavender, coneflowers, and sedums.
Potential Pests and Diseases
Common Yarrow is generally resistant to pests and diseases. However, keep an eye out for aphids and powdery mildew.
Table with basic information about milfoil
| Aspect | Information |
|---|---|
| Scientific Name | Achillea millefolium |
| Common Names | Common Yarrow, Milfoil, Soldier’s Woundwort |
| Family | Asteraceae (Aster Family) |
| Genus | Achillea |
| Soil Requirements | Well-draining, sandy or loamy soil |
| Soil pH Range | 6.0 – 7.5 |
| Best Soil Mix | Sandy loam enriched with organic matter |
| Country of Origin | Europe, Asia, North America |
| Year of Discovery | Ancient times |
| Flowering Time | Late spring to mid-summer |
| Watering Frequency | Low to moderate |
| Native Habitat | Meadows, grasslands, open woods |
| Minimum Temperature | Approximately -30°C (-22°F) to -40°C (-40°F) |
| Flower Color | White, pink, yellow |
| Growth Habit | Clump-forming herb |
| Maximum Height | Up to 36 inches (90 cm) |
| Lifespan | Perennial |
| Tolerance to Shade | Light shade to full sun |
| Soil Fertility Preference | Low to moderate fertility |
| Drought Tolerance | High |
| Wildlife Attraction | Attracts butterflies, bees, and beneficial insects |
| Medicinal Uses | Used traditionally for various remedies |
| Cultural Significance | Used in herbalism and folk medicine |
| Companion Plants | Echinacea, lavender, sedums, ornamental grasses |
| Potential Weeds | Can self-seed and spread in ideal conditions |
| Soil Compaction Tolerance | Moderate |
| Maintenance Level | Low to moderate |
| Common Pests | Generally not prone to major pests |
| Common Diseases | Generally resistant to common diseases |
| Landscape Use | Mixed borders, pollinator gardens, naturalized areas |
| Deer Resistance | Often resistant to deer browsing |
| Plant Uses | Ornamental, medicinal, cut flowers |
| Fragrance | Mild aromatic scent |
